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| | ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE Basic information |
| | ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 2.8 °C(lit.) | | Boiling point | 92 °C30 mm Hg(lit.) | | density | 2.36 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) | | vapor density | >10.2 (vs air) | | vapor pressure | 0.13 psi ( 55 °C) | | refractive index | 1.601 | | Fp | 79°C/22mm | | solubility | Soluble in HCl, chloroform, carbon tetrachlorideMiscible with chloroform, hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride. | | form | Liquid | | Specific Gravity | 2.336 | | color | Red-yellow | | Odor | offensive odor | | Water Solubility | Soluble in water (react), chloroform, hydrochloric acid, and carbon tetrachloride. | | Sensitive | Moisture Sensitive | | Merck | 14,695 | | Stability: | Stable, but reacts with moisture and water. Releases highly toxic fumes if involved in a fire. | | CAS DataBase Reference | 7647-18-9(CAS DataBase Reference) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Antimony pentachloride (7647-18-9) |
| | ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | colourless to light yellow oily liquid | | Chemical Properties | Antimony pentachloride is a noncombustible,
colorless to reddish-yellow oily liquid with an offensive
odor. | | Physical properties | Antimony pentachloride is prepared by passing chlorine gas into molten antimony trichloride:
SbCl3 + Cl2 →SbCl5
or by the reaction of the element with excess chlorine:
2 Sb + 5 Cl2 → 2 SbCl5. | | Uses | Antimony(V) chloride is used as a catalyst and an analytical reagent for testing alkaloids and cesium. It is also used as a polymerization catalyst as well as involved in the chlorination of organic compounds. It acts as a Lewis acid and a strong oxidizing agent. | | Uses | As catalyst when replacing a fluorine substituent with chlorine in organic compounds. | | General Description | A reddish-yellow fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Solidifies at 37°F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Used to make other chemicals, and in chemical analysis. | | Air & Water Reactions | Fumes in air to form hydrochloric acid. Reacts with water to yield heat and antimony pentaoxide (Sb2O5) and hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. | | Reactivity Profile | Acidic salts, such as ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions. | | Hazard | Corrosive, fumes in moist air, reacts
strongly with organics.
| | Health Hazard | Inhalation causes irritation of nose and throat. Contact of liquid with eyes or skin causes severe burns. Ingestion causes vomiting and severe burns of mouth and stomach. Overexposure by any route can cause bloody stools, slow pulse, low blood pressure, coma, convulsions, cardiac arrest. | | Fire Hazard | Behavior in Fire: Irritating fumes of hydrogen chloride given off when water or foam is used to extinguish adjacent fire. | | Safety Profile | Poison by ingestion.
Corrosive. Mutation data reported. See
ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS and
ANTIMONYPII) CHLORIDE. When
heated to decomposition it emits very toxic
fumes of Cland Sb. | | Potential Exposure | It is used in dyeing, coloring metals
and in many organic chemical reactions as a catalyst. | | Shipping | UN1730 (liquid) Antimony pentachloride, liquid,
Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1731
(solution) Antimony pentachloride, solutions, Hazard class:
8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. | | Incompatibilities | Decomposes on contact with heat, acids,
alkalis, ammonia, water or other forms of moisture producing
fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony. Decomposes
above 77 C forming chlorine and antimony trichloride.
Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture forming
explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air forming corrosive
vapors. | | Waste Disposal | Encapsulate and transfer to an
approve landfill. If chemically treated and neutralized, the
chemical is amenable to biological treatment at municipal
sewage treatment plant. Consult with environmental regulatory
agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/
mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage,
transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. |
| | ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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