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| | Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Basic information |
| | Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 140-143 ºC | | storage temp. | -20°C | | solubility | DMSO (Slightly, Heated), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Slightly) | | pka | pKa 8.69(H2O
t = 25
I = 0.15)(Approximate) | | form | powder | | color | White to Pale Yellow | | Odor | Odorless | | BRN | 234749 | | Stability: | Hygroscopic |
| | Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Usage And Synthesis |
| Uses | Enzyme cofactor.Normal coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 | | Uses |
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate hydrate has also been used:
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as a reference standard to quantify vitamin B6 in feed and digesta samples using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
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in D-amino acid transaminase reaction(10)
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as a cofactor for L-glutamic acid decarboxylase
| | Definition | ChEBI: Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is the monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal. It has a role as a coenzyme, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a mouse metabolite, an EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor and a cofactor. It is a vitamin B6 phosphate, a member of methylpyridines, a monohydroxypyridine and a pyridinecarbaldehyde. It is functionally related to a pyridoxal. It is a conjugate acid of a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate(2-). | | General Description | Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) is synthesized in a multiple-step process. The two pathways inlcude pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic protein (PdxA)- pyridoxine-5′-phosphate synthase (PdxJ) pathway and the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate synthase subunit PDX1/PDX2 pathway. It is the active form of pyridoxine. | | Biochem/physiol Actions | Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) aids in carbohydrate and fat metabolism by serving as a cofactor. It is majorly responsible for catalyzing the enzymatic reactions involved in sphingolipid synthesis and neurotransmitter (dopamine and serotonin) synthesis. PLP is used in the studies of PLP-dependent enzyme active sites. PLP is also a cofactor for a wide range of enzymes including mitochondrial 5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS), ornithine 4,5-aminomutase (OAM), and D-serine dehydratase. | | Biotechnological Applications | Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate(PLP) is also often employed as an inhibitor and site-directed, conformationally sensitive reporter group for studying the environment of reactive amino groups within proteins. PLP forms aldimine adducts that can be reduced with nucleophilic reducing reagents such as sodium borohydride or sodium cyanoborohydride. Solid PLP is light-sensitive, and solutions should be prepared fresh. There are four pKa values associated with this coenzyme: a pKa < 2.5 and another at 6.20 for the phosphate group, a pKa of 4.14 for the hydroxyl group, and a pKa of 8.69 for the pyridinium group.
| | Enzyme inhibitor |
This vitamin B6-derived coenzyme, often abbreviated PLP, plays a central role in metabolism.
In addition to facilitating aminotransfer reactions, PLP is a coenzyme in reactions involving:
(a) loss of the a-proton, resulting in racemization, cyclization, or b-elimination/replacement (e.g., alanine racemase, 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, and serine dehydratase, respectively);
(b) loss of the a-carboxylate as carbon dioxide (e.g., glutamate decarboxylase);
(c) removal/replacement of a group by aldol cleavage (e.g., threonine aldolase);
(d) catalysis via ketimine intermediates (e.g., selenocysteine lyase).
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| | Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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