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| | Boron nitride Basic information |
| | Boron nitride Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 2700℃ | | Boiling point | sublimes sl below 3000℃ [MER06] | | density | 0.9-1.1 g/mL at 25 °C | | storage temp. | no restrictions. | | form | Powder | | color | White | | Specific Gravity | 3.48 | | PH | 5-8 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry) | | Water Solubility | Soluble in water (slightly soluble) at 20°C, and water (soluble) at 95°C. | | Sensitive | Hygroscopic | | Merck | 14,1346 | | Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, water. | | CAS DataBase Reference | 10043-11-5(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Boron nitride(10043-11-5) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Boron nitride (BN) (10043-11-5) |
| Hazard Codes | Xi | | Risk Statements | 36/37 | | Safety Statements | 26-36 | | RIDADR | UN1950 | | WGK Germany | 3 | | RTECS | ED7800000 | | TSCA | Yes | | HS Code | 2850 00 20 | | HazardClass | 2.1 | | Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 2000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 2000 mg/kg |
| | Boron nitride Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Boron nitride is a material in which the extra electron of nitrogen (with respect to carbon) enables it to form structures that are isoelectronic with carbon allotropes.
Boron nitride is an inorganic compound with a flat, hexagonal crystal similar to graphite, but with the carbon atoms replaced by boron and nitrogen atoms. The alternate boron and nitrogen atoms are linked to form interlocking hexagonal rings with three boron atoms and three nitrogen atoms, and the layers are held together by van der Waals forces. There is no boron-nitrogen bonding between the layers.The bond length is 1.466Å and the interlayer spacing is 3.331 Å. A spherical form (with a hexagonal crystal structure) is also available.
Boron nitride can also be in cubic form in which alternately linked boron and nitrogen atoms form a tetrahedral bond network, similar to carbon atoms in diamond.
 | | Chemical Properties | white powder(s), 1μm or less 99.5% pure; hexagonal, most common form: a=0.2504 nm, c=0.6661nm; fcc: a=0.3615nm; hardness: hexagonal like graphite,?cub approaches that of diamond; band gap ~7.5 eV at 300K; dielectric 7.1; used in furnace insulation and in crucibles for melting aluminum, boron, iron, and silicon, also as sputtering target for dielectrics, diffusion masks, passivation layers [KIR81] [HAW93] [MER06] [CER91] | | Physical properties |
White powder, hexagonal graphite-like form or cubic crystal; cubic form similar to diamond in its crystal structure, and reverts to graphite form when heated above 1,700°C; density 2.18 g/cm3; melts at 2,975°C (under nitrogen pressure); sublimes at 2,500°C at atmospheric pressure; insoluble in water and acid; attacked by hot alkalies and fused alkali carbonates; not wetted by most molten metals or glasses.
Cubic boron nitride (c-BN) does not exist in nature but it is a novel substance created by human. It is synthesized under high pressure and high temperature just like diamond counterpart and has the wurzite crystal structure. The tables below compare reference hardness and heat conductivity for a couple of abrasive materials. Apparently c-BN is excellent in these properties, second only to diamond, the highest.
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Substance
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Hardness VHN (Vickers)
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Heat Conductivity (W/(m.K))
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diamond
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8600
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1000
- 2000
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c-BN
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5000
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590
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alumina
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2300
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6
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tungsten
carbide
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1800
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42
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silicon carbide
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800
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85
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titanium nitride
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2100
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7.4
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|
titanium carbide
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3000
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5.2
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| | Uses | Boron nitride is a material in which the extra electron of nitrogen (with respect to carbon) enables it to form structures that are isoelectronic with carbon allotropes. Also used in manufacture of alloys; in semiconductors, nuclear reactors, lubricants.
Hexagonal boron nitride can be used as an electrical insulator; as thermocouple protection sheaths, crucibles and linings for reaction vessels; and as a coating for refractory molds used in glass forming and in superplastic forming of titanium. It can also be incorporated in ceramics, alloys, resins, plastics, and rubber to give them self-lubricating properties. Hexagonal boron nitride is used the formulation of coatings and paints for high temperature applications. It is also used as a substrate for semi-conductors, lens coatings, and transparent windows.
https://www.cir-safety.org | | Uses | boron nitride is a synthetically manufactured white, talc-like powder that can reflect light, giving a product a sparkle effect. It is primarily used in color cosmetics to provide subtle shimmer; however, it can also be found in skin care formulations for enhancing product smoothness and slip.
| | Uses | Boron nitride used in the manufacture of high-temperature equipment parts due to its excellent thermal and chemical stability. It is used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetics, paints, dental cements and pencil leads. It is also used to provide self lubricating properties to ceramics, alloys, resins, plastics and rubbers. In addition to this, it has many industrial applications such as xerographic process, laser printers, oxygen sensors and proton conductors. Cubic boron nitride is used as an abrasive material. | | Definition | boron nitride: A solid, BN, insolublein cold water and slowly decomposedby hot water; r.d. 2.25 (hexagonal);sublimes above 3000°C. Boronnitride is manufactured by heatingboron oxide to 800°C on an acid-solublecarrier, such as calcium phosphate,in the presence of nitrogen orammonia. It is isoelectronic with carbonand, like carbon, it has a veryhard cubic form (borazon) and asofter hexagonal form; unlikegraphite this is a nonconductor. It isused in the electrical industrieswhere its high thermal conductivityand high resistance are of especialvalue. | | Preparation | Boron nitride is prepared by heating boric oxide with ammonia:
B2O3 + 2NH3 → 2BN + 3H2O
Alternatively, the compound can be prepared by heating boric oxide or boric acid with ammonium chloride or an alkali metal cyanide. Purified product can be obtained by high temperature reaction of boron halide with ammonia:
BCl3 + NH3 → BN + 3HCl
Boron nitride can also be made from the elements by heating boron and nitrogen at red heat.
| | Production Methods | In tonnage production, acetaldehyde may be manufactured by:
1. The direct oxidation of ethylene, requiring a catalytic solution of copper chloride plus small quantities of palladium chloride Cl2Pd.
2. The oxidation of ethyl alcohol C2H6O with sodium dichromate Cr2Na2O7, and
3. The dry distillation of calcium acetate C4H6CaO4 with calcium formate C2H2CaO4. | | General Description | Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has a layered structure similar to graphite and can be exfoliated as singlelayered BN sheets. hBN has applications in catalysts, optoelectronics and semiconductor devices. Boron nitride posseses high thermal conductivity of approximately 400W/mK at 300K. | | Industrial uses | Boron nitride (BN) has many potential commercial applications. It is a white, fluffy powder with a greasy feel. It is used for heat-resistant parts by molding and pressing the powder without a binder to a specific gravity of 2.1 to 2.25.
BN may be prepared in a variety of ways, for example, by the reaction of boron oxide with ammonia, alkali cyanides, and ammonium chloride, or of boron halides and ammonia. The usually high chemical and thermal stability, combined with the high electrical resistance of BN, suggests numerous uses for this compound in the field of high-temperature technology. BN can be hot-pressed into molds and worked into desired shapes.
BN powders can be used as mold-release agents, high-temperature lubricants, and additives in oils, rubbers, and epoxies to improve thermal conductance of dielectric compounds. Powders also are used in metal- and ceramicmatrix composites (MMC and CMC) to improve thermal shock and to modify wetting characteristics.
The platy habit of the particles and the fact that boron nitride is not wet by glass favors use of the powder as a mold wash, e.g., in the fabrication of high-tension insulators. It is also useful as thermal insulation in induction heating. A cubic form of boron nitride (Borazon) similar to diamond in hardness and structure has been synthesized by the high-temperature, high-pressure process for making synthetic diamonds. Any uses it may find as a substitute for diamonds will depend on its greatly superior oxidation resistance. |
| | Boron nitride Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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