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| | 2-Chlorotoluene Basic information |
| | 2-Chlorotoluene Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | -36 °C (lit.) | | Boiling point | 157-159 °C (lit.) | | density | 1.083 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | | vapor density | 4.38 (vs air) | | vapor pressure | 10 mm Hg ( 43 °C) | | refractive index | n20/D 1.525(lit.) | | Fp | 117 °F | | storage temp. | 0-6°C | | solubility | H2O: slightly soluble0.047g/L at 20°C | | form | Liquid | | color | Clear | | explosive limit | 1.0-12.6%(V) | | Water Solubility | slightly soluble | | Merck | 14,2171 | | BRN | 1904175 | | Exposure limits | ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm
NIOSH: TWA 50 ppm(250 mg/m3); STEL 75 ppm(375 mg/m3) | | InChIKey | IBSQPLPBRSHTTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N | | LogP | 3.42 at 25℃ | | CAS DataBase Reference | 95-49-8(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl-(95-49-8) | | EPA Substance Registry System | o-Chlorotoluene (95-49-8) |
| | 2-Chlorotoluene Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | 2-Chlorotoluene can be mineralized completely by Rhodococcus, strain OCT 10 DSM 45596(T). It is used in the preparation of 3-chloro-4-methylcatechol and 4-chloro-3-methylcatechol. The oxidation of 2-chlorotoluene is very well catalyzed by the enzymes: toluene dioxygenase of P. putida F1 and chlorobenzene dioxygenase from Burkholderia, strain PS12. | | Chemical Properties | o-Chlorotoluene is a flammable, colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. | | Uses | Solvent; synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals,
and synthetic rubber compounds | | Uses | Solvent and intermediate for organic chemicals and dyes.
2-Chlorotoluene is used for permanganate oxidation to give o-chlorobenzoic acid. It is used in the preparation of 3-chloro-4-methylcatechol and 4-chloro-3-methylcatechol.
2-Chlorotoluene can be used as a precursor to synthesize aryl coupling products via palladium-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling. It can also be used in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination to synthesize arylamines. | | Preparation | The solution of cuprous chloride is cooled in an ice bath 0-5° C temperature. In this cold solution, the 2-methylbenzenediazonium is poured with constant shaking and allowing the mixture to come to room temperature. After about 10 minutes, the mixture gradually warmed with a good shaking.As the temperature rises the brown addition product begins to decompose with the evolution of nitrogen and with the formation of an oily layer of 2-chlorotoluene. When the decomposition reaction is at an end, the mixture is steam distilled, continuing the process only as long as oily droplets are present in the distillate, for the product is not appreciably soluble in water. The layer of 2-chlorotoluene is carefully separated and washed twice with an equal volume of concentrated sulfuric acid, which removes both the 2-cresol and the azo compound. Then 2-chlorotoluene is washed with water in order to remove the inorganic acid. Finally, 2-chlorotoluene is dried over calcium chloride, distilled, using an air condenser and collecting the product boiling at 153-158° C. Pure 2-chlorotoluene boils at 157° C. The yield is 25-30 g.
Experiments in Organic Chemistry, L. F. Fieser, 216, 1941
Highly Selective Oxidative Monochlorination To Synthesize Organic Intermediates: 2-Chlorotoluene, 2-Chloroaniline, 2-Chlorophenol, and 2-Chloro-4-methylphenol | | Synthesis Reference(s) | Journal of the American Chemical Society, 101, p. 768, 1979 DOI: 10.1021/ja00497a063
Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 1, p. 170, 1941 | | General Description | Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. Denser than water and poorly soluble in water. Hence sinks in water . | | Air & Water Reactions | Slightly water soluble. | | Reactivity Profile | 2-Chlorotoluene may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also may be incompatible with amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. Reacts violently with dimethyl sulfoxide . | | Hazard | Toxic by inhalation. Eye, skin, and upper
respiratory tract irritant. | | Health Hazard | Inhalation of vapor may cause respiratory irrtation. Prolonged and repeated vapor exposures may produce systemic toxic effects. | | Flammability and Explosibility | Flammable | | Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by
unspecified routes. Flammable when
exposed to heat or flame. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
See also TOLE CHLORIDE and
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS,
AROMATIC. | | Potential Exposure | o-Chlorotoluene is widely used as a solvent and intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, synthetic rubber; pharmaceuticals; and other organic chemicals. Used as an insecticide, bactericide. | | Shipping | UN2238 Chlorotoluenes, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid. | | Purification Methods | Dry 2-chlorotoluene for several days with CaCl2, then distil it from Na using a glass helices-packed column. [Beilstein 5 IV 805.] | | Incompatibilities | Incompatible with acids, alkalis, oxidizers, reducing materials; water | | Waste Disposal | In accordance with 40CFR165 recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. |
| | 2-Chlorotoluene Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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