| Chemical Properties | White or almost white, crystalline powder. |
| Uses | Ipratropium bromide monohydrate has been used for the inhibition of peripheral muscarinic receptors in rats. |
| Uses | antihypertensive |
| Definition | ChEBI: The monohydrate form of ipratropium bromide. An anticholinergic drug, ipratropium bromide blocks the muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the smooth muscles of the bronchi in the lungs. This opens the bronchi, so providing relief in chronic obstructive pulm
nary disease and acute asthma. |
| Brand name | Atrovent (Boehringer Ingelheim). |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Ipratropium bromide monohydrate is a nonselective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist and a bronchodilator. In nebulized form, it is used for treating asthma and obstructive pulmonary diseases. It acts as a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Ipratropium bromide monohydrate is an anticholinergic agent and competes with acetylcholine. It promotes bronchodilation by stimulating sympathetic pathways. |
| Clinical Use | Anticholinergic bronchodilator:
Reversible airways obstruction, particularly in
COPD |
| Metabolism | After inhalation, around 10-30% of a dose is deposited
in the lungs where it exerts its therapeutic effect. Only
a small amount of ipratropium reaches the systemic
circulation. The majority of a dose is swallowed but
is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Ipratropium and its metabolites are eliminated in the
urine and faeces. |
