Butyl formate

Butyl formate Basic information
Product Name:Butyl formate
Synonyms:1-butylformate;Butylester kyseliny mravenci;butylesterkyselinymravenci;HCOO(CH2)3CH3;Methanoicacid,butylester;Methanoicacidbutylester;n-Butyl methanoate;FEMA 2196
CAS:592-84-7
MF:C5H10O2
MW:102.13
EINECS:209-772-5
Product Categories:Industrial/Fine Chemicals
Mol File:592-84-7.mol
Butyl formate Structure
Butyl formate Chemical Properties
Melting point -91 °C
Boiling point 106-107 °C (lit.)
density 0.892 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
FEMA 2196 | BUTYL FORMATE
refractive index n20/D 1.389(lit.)
Fp 57 °F
storage temp. Flammables area
form Liquid
color Clear colorless to yellow
Odorat 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. fruity plum rum brandy
Odor Threshold0.087ppm
Odor Typefruity
explosive limit1.7-8.2%(V)
Water Solubility SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE
JECFA Number118
BRN 1742108
LogP1.30
CAS DataBase Reference592-84-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferenceFormic acid, butyl ester(592-84-7)
EPA Substance Registry SystemFormic acid, butyl ester (592-84-7)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes F,Xi
Risk Statements 11-36/37
Safety Statements 9-16-24-33
RIDADR UN 1128 3/PG 2
WGK Germany 1
RTECS LQ5500000
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 3
PackingGroup II
HS Code 29151300
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
Butyl methanoate English
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Butyl formate Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesCLEAR COLORLESS TO YELLOWISH LIQUID
Chemical PropertiesButyl formate has a fruity, plum-like odor and corresponding taste.
OccurrenceReported found in fresh apple, strawberry fruit, cloudberry, sherry and Parmesan cheese.
UsesSolvent for nitrocellulose, some types of cel- lulose acetate, many cellulose ethers, many natural and synthetic resins, lacquers, perfumes, organic synthesis (intermediate), flavoring.
DefinitionChEBI: Butyl formate is a formate ester resulting from the formal condensation of formic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Found in apples, strawberries, sherry and Pamesan cheese, it has a fruity, plum-like odour and taste. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent, a flavouring agent and a fragrance. It is functionally related to a butan-1-ol.
PreparationBy azeotropic distillation of formic acid and n-butyl alcohol with isopropyl formate; by boiling n-butyl alcohol and formamide in the presence on ZnCl, ZnSo4 or HgCl2.
Aroma threshold valuesDetection: 800 ppb to 6 ppm
Synthesis Reference(s)Journal of the American Chemical Society, 109, p. 3330, 1987 DOI: 10.1021/ja00245a024
General DescriptionA clear colorless liquid. Flash point 64°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water ReactionsHighly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reactivity ProfileButyl formate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Can generate electrostatic charges [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 247].
HazardNarcotic and irritating in high concentra- tion. Flammable, dangerous fire risk.
Health HazardExposure can cause irritation of eyes, nose and throat. High concentrations have a narcotic effect.
Safety ProfileModerately toxic by ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: muscle contractions and spasticity, conjunctiva irritation, and unspecified respiratory changes. An irritant and narcotic in high concentrations. See also ESTERS, nBUTYL ALCOHOL, and FORMIC ACID. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Incompatible with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid and irritating fumes.
Purification MethodsWash the formate with saturated NaHCO3 solution in the presence of saturated NaCl, until no further reaction occurs, then with saturated NaCl solution, dry (MgSO4), filter and fractionally distil the filtrate. [Beilstein 2 IV 28.]
t-butyl chloroformate Calcium formate Cyhalofop-butyl Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate FORMATE ION CHROMATOGRAPHY STANDARD Formic acid Heptafluorobutyric anhydride DIBUTYL ISOPHTHALATE Diisobutyl phthalate Butyl acetate Dibutyl phthalate Isobutyl chloroformate Methyl acrylate Benzoic acid Butyl formate Butyl 4-aminobenzoate Butyl benzoate n-Butyl carbamate

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