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| | 12-Crown-4 Basic information |
| | 12-Crown-4 Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 16 °C (lit.) | | Boiling point | 61-70 °C/0.5 mmHg (lit.) | | density | 1.089 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | | refractive index | n20/D 1.463(lit.) | | Fp | >230 °F | | storage temp. | Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature | | form | Liquid After Melting | | color | Clear colorless to slightly yellow | | Specific Gravity | 1.115 (20℃) | | Water Solubility | MISCIBLE | | Sensitive | Air Sensitive | | BRN | 1363064 | | CAS DataBase Reference | 294-93-9(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | 12-Crown-4(294-93-9) | | EPA Substance Registry System | 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxacyclododecane (294-93-9) |
| | 12-Crown-4 Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | clear colorless to slightly yellow liquid after | | Uses | It serves as an aprotic "solvent" for alkali metals, the sodium solution is a strong reducing agent. | | Uses | 12-Crown-4 can be used as:
- A promoter in the synthesis of poly(diethylsiloxane) (PDES) from monomer hexaethylcyclotrisiloxane using NaOH as a catalyst via anionic ring-opening polymerization.
- As an additive in the preparation of triarylmethane derivatives by palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reaction of aryl bromides with diarylmethane derivatives.
- A phase transfer catalyst in organic synthesis.
| | Definition | ChEBI: A crown ether that is cyclododecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 have been replaced by oxygen atoms. | | Synthesis Reference(s) | Tetrahedron Letters, 15, p. 4029, 1974 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)92075-1 | | General Description | 12-Crown-4 is a crown ether generally used as a ligand in coordination chemistry. It is also known as lithium ionophore because of its strong chelating property specific to lithium cation. | | Purification Methods | The distilled crude product has to be recrystallised from pentane at -20o to remove acyclic material. It is then dried over P2O5. It complexes Li. [Anet et al. Acta Chem Scand 27 3395 1973, Beilstein 19/11 V 334.] |
| | 12-Crown-4 Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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