| | POTASSIUM NITRITE Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 350 °C (dec.)(lit.) | | Boiling point | explodes at 537℃ [HAW93] | | density | 1,92 g/cm3 | | vapor density | 2.9 (vs air) | | storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. | | solubility | water: soluble0.35 part | | form | Solid | | color | White to slightly yellow | | Specific Gravity | 1.915 | | Odor | Odorless | | PH | 7-10 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) | | PH Range | 7 - 10 | | Water Solubility | Soluble in water, hot alcohol, liquid NH{3}Soluble in water, alcohol and ammonia. | | Sensitive | Hygroscopic | | Merck | 14,7649 | | Stability: | Stability Stable, but strong oxidizer - contact with combustible material may lead to fire. Incompatible with strong reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, cyanides, ammonium salts. | | CAS DataBase Reference | 7758-09-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Potassium nitrite (7758-09-0) |
| Hazard Codes | O,T,N | | Risk Statements | 8-25-50 | | Safety Statements | 45-61 | | RIDADR | UN 1488 5.1/PG 2 | | WGK Germany | 2 | | RTECS | TT3750000 | | TSCA | Yes | | HS Code | 2834 10 00 | | HazardClass | 5.1 | | PackingGroup | II | | Hazardous Substances Data | 7758-09-0(Hazardous Substances Data) | | Toxicity | LD50 orally in rabbits: 108 mg anion/kg, Dollahite, Rowe, Southwest. Vet. 27, 246 (1974) |
| | POTASSIUM NITRITE Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Potassium is the nitrite salt of potassium, appearing as a yellowish white crystalline solid. As a strong oxidizer, it may promote combustion and even explosion of other materials. In medical field, it is used for the treatment of angina pectoris. It is also applied during the manufacturing of heat transfer salts. Moreover, it is also a kind of food additive as a preservative. In addition, it can also be used as a paint and coating additive, analytic agents, corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agent. In chemical industry, it has the following applications: Manufacture Of Pigment Yellow 40, cinitapride and many other drugs, butadiene distillation, production of D-saccharic acid, dissolution of tungston, recovery of bromine and separation of cobalt from cobalt nickel solutions.
| | Reference |
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/potassium_nitrite#section=InChI-Key
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_nitrite
- https://www.alfa.com/zh-cn/catalog/L13289/
- http://www.bgpgroup.biz/product/potassium-nitrate/
| | Chemical Properties | white to yellow crystals | | Chemical Properties | Potassium nitrite is a white to yellowish
crystalline solid. | | Physical properties | White or slight yellow prismatic granules; deliquesc; density 1.915 g/cm3;melts at 440°C; decomposition starts at 350°C; very soluble in water, 281 g/100mL at 0°C; much more soluble in boiling water, 413 g/100mL at 100°C;aqueous solution is alkaline; slightly soluble in cold alcohol but moderately solublel in hot alcohol; very soluble in liquid ammonia; decomposes in acids,liberating brown NO2fumes. | | Uses | Potassium Nitrite is a color fixative in meats which exists as white
or yellowish granules or cylindrical sticks. it is very soluble in water.
see nitrite. | | Uses | In analytical chemistry. | | Uses | Used as a reagent (diazotizing) in organic chemistry. | | Definition | potassium nitrite: A white orslightly yellow deliquescent solid,KNO2, soluble in water and insolublein ethanol; r.d. 1.91; m.p. 440°C; mayexplode at 600°C. Potassium nitrite isprepared by the reduction of potassiumnitrate. It reacts with cold dilutemineral acids to give nitrousacid and is also able to behave as areducing agent (if oxidized to the nitrate)or as an oxidizing agent (if reducedto nitrogen). It is used inorganic synthesis because of its partin diazotization, and in detecting thepresence of the amino groups in organiccompounds. | | Preparation | Potassium nitrite may be prepared by fusion of nitrate with lead:
KNO3+ Pb →KNO2+ PbO
The product is extracted with water and allowed to crystallize. Filtration separates nitrite from insoluble lead oxide.
Potassium nitrite also may be obtained by high temperature thermal decomposition of nitrate:
2KNO3→2KNO2+ O2↑. | | Production Methods | Potassium nitrite, KNO2, yellowish-white solid, soluble, for med (1) by reaction of nitric oxide plus nitrogen tetroxide and potassium carbonate or hydroxide, and then evaporating, (2) by heating potassium nitrate and lead to a high temperature and then extracting the soluble portion (lead monoxide insoluble) with H2O, and evaporating. | | General Description | A yellowish white crystalline solid. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of all combustible material. If large quantities are involved in fire or if the combustible material is finely divided, an explosion may result. May explode under prolonged exposure to heat. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Used to make other chemicals and in chemical analysis. | | Air & Water Reactions | Water soluble. | | Reactivity Profile | POTASSIUM NITRITE is an oxidizing agent. Mixtures with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. Contamination by ammonium compounds can initiate spontaneous decomposition. The resulting heat may ignite surrounding combustible material. Reacts with acids to form toxic nitrogen dioxide gas. Mixing with liquid ammonia forms diPOTASSIUM NITRITE, which is very reactive and easily explosive [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1566 1963]. Melting together with an ammonium salt leads to a violent explosion [Von Schwartz 1918 p. 299]. A mixture with potassium cyanide may cause an explosion. When a little ammonium sulfate is added to fused POTASSIUM NITRITE, a vigorous reaction occurs attended by flame [Mellor 2:702. 1946-47]. | | Hazard | Fire and explosion risk when shocked or
heated, or in contact with organic materials, strong
oxidizing agent.
| | Health Hazard | Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. | | Fire Hazard | These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. | | Flammability and Explosibility | Notclassified | | Safety Profile | Poison by ingestion.
Human systemic effects: tinnitus, pulse rate
increase, blood pressure lowering.
Experimental teratogenic and reproductive
effects. Nitrites have been implicated in an
increased incidence of cancer. Mutation data
reported. Flammable when exposed to heat
or flame. A powerful oxidzing material.
Slight explosion hazard when exposed to
heat. It wdl explode at 1000°F. Explosive reaction with potassium amide + heat,
potassium cyanide or other cyanide salts +
heat. Violent reaction or ignition with
ammonium salts (e.g., ammonium sulfate),
boron. Disproportionates on heating in the
absence of air forming KNO3 and K2O and
evolving N2. Upon decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of K2O. See also NITRITES. | | Potential Exposure | Potassium nitrite is used in chemical
analysis, as a food additive; in fertilizers; in medications as
a vasodilator and as antidote for cyanide poisoning. | | Shipping | UN1488 Potassium nitrite, Hazard Class: 5.1;
Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer. UN1479 Oxidizing solid, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer, Technical Name
Required. | | Purification Methods | A saturated solution at 0o is warmed and partially evaporated under vacuum. The crystals so obtained are filtered off from the warm solution. (This procedure is designed to reduce the level of nitrate impurity and is based on the effects of temperature on solubility. The solubility of KNO3 in water is 13g/100mL at 0o, 247g/100mL at 100o; for KNO2 the corresponding figures are 280g/100mL and 413g/100mL.) Alternatively, dissolve it in H2O and precipitate by adding of EtOH. | | Incompatibilities | A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with
combustible and reducing materials. Heat above 530 ? C
may cause explosion. Incompatible with cyanide salts;
boron, ammonium sulfate; potassium amide; and acids.
Decomposes on contact with even weak acids producing
toxic nitrogen oxide fumes. |
| | POTASSIUM NITRITE Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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