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| | BARIUM CHLORATE MONOHYDRATE Basic information |
| | BARIUM CHLORATE MONOHYDRATE Chemical Properties |
| | BARIUM CHLORATE MONOHYDRATE Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Barium chlorate has the molecular formula of
Ba(ClO3)2 and a molecular weight of 304.229 g/mol. Its
density is 3.18 g/cm3 and its melting point is 413.9°C.
It is a white crystalline solid, a skin irritant and if
consumed can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Its CAS number is 13477-00-4. It is used in fireworks to
produce a green color. It also forms a monohydrate,
Ba(ClO3)2·H2O whose CAS number is 10294-38-9.
Shock-sensitive compounds are formed with organic
compounds, reducing agents, ammonia-containing
agents, and metal powders. The substance decomposes
violently on heating, producing oxygen, toxic fumes,
and causing fire and explosive hazards. This salt is
a strong oxidant and reacts with most combustible and
reducing materials. | | Chemical Properties | Barium chlorate is a combustible, colorless to
white crystalline solid or powder. | | Uses | Pyrotechnics, explosives, textile mordant, man-
ufacture of other chlorates.
| | Preparation | Barium chlorate can be produced through a double
replacement reaction of barium chloride and sodium
chlorate:
BaCl2＋ 2NaClO3→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NaCl
It can also be produced through a more complicated
process involving barium carbonate and ammonium chlorate, both of which are produced in situ. There are
four separate reactions used to produce this salt:
BaCl2＋ Na2CO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl or BaCl2＋2NaHCO3 →BaCO3＋ 2NaCl＋ H2O＋ CO2(1)
In a separate step, ammonium chlorate is produced
by reaction of tartaric acid, C4H6O6, to produce ammonium
bitartrate. This is then reacted with potassium
chlorate which produces potassium bitartrate and
ammonium chlorate:
C4H6O6＋NH4OH→NH4C4H5O6＋H2O (2)
NH4C4H5O6＋ KClO3→KC4H5O6＋NH4ClO3 (3)
The produced barium carbonate is then reacted with
ammonium chlorate:
2NH4ClO3＋ BaCO3＋ heat→Ba(ClO3)2＋ 2NH3＋H2O＋ CO2 (4)
The final product is obtained without having to handle
the chlorate solutions or product before the final product
is obtained.
It can also be produced via the Liebig process similar
to that of the strontium homologue which consists of
passing chlorine gas through a solid such as Ba(OH)2:
6Ba(OH)2＋ 6Cl2→5BaCl2＋ Ba(CIO3)2＋ 6H2O
However, separating the two salts remains problematic
since both are soluble in water. It is for
this reason that the Liebig method is not used for the
commercial production of barium chlorate. | | Hazard | A poison. Strong oxidizer, fire risk in con-
tact with organic materials.
| | Safety Profile | A poison. For fire and
explosion hazards, see CHLORATES.
Incompatible with Al, As, C, charcoal, Cu,
MnO2, metal sulfides, S4N4, organic matter,
P, S. See also BARIUM COMPOUNDS
(soluble). | | Potential Exposure | It is used in fireworks and explosives
manufacture; in textile dyeing and in the manufacture of
other perchlorates. | | Shipping | UN1445 Barium chlorate, Hazard Class: 5.1;
Labels: 5.1—Oxidizer, 6.1—Poisonous materials. | | Purification Methods | It crystallises from H2O (1mL/g) between 100o and 0o, and loses 1H2O at 120o. [Schmeisser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 314 1963.] | | Incompatibilities | A strong oxidizer. When heated above
250° C, it begins to give off oxygen and will increase risk
of fire. Barium chlorate is a reactive chemical and is an
explosion hazard. Violent reaction may occur with reducing
materials; strong acids; powdered metals. Contact with
combustible materials will increase activity in fire. | | Waste Disposal | Use large volumes of reducing
agent (bisulfite or ferrous salt) solutions. Neutralize and
flush to sewer with large volumes of water. |
| | BARIUM CHLORATE MONOHYDRATE Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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