Yeast beta-glucan belongs to the family of beta-glucan which is particular derived from yeast. Nowadays, yeast-derived β-glucan has been widely investigated for their ability to modulate the immune system. A large number of detailed research has been conducted on yeast beta-glucan, which indicates that it has considerable effect on the immune system, on radiation injuries, tumors and has also been shown cholesterol lowering properties. Besides, studies have proved that yeast-derived beta-glucan is effective in the prevention of sepsis following surgery, radiation injury and in the prevention of pathogenic infections.