| | Bromochloromethane Basic information |
| | Bromochloromethane Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | −88 °C(lit.) | | Boiling point | 68 °C(lit.) | | density | 1.991 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) | | vapor density | 4.5 (vs air) | | vapor pressure | 117 mm Hg ( 20 °C) | | refractive index | n20/D 1.482(lit.) | | Fp | 11 °C | | storage temp. | 2-8°C | | solubility | Soluble in acetone, alcohol, benzene, ether (Weast, 1986), and many other solvents, particularly
chlorinated hydrocarbons. | | form | neat | | Specific Gravity | 1.991 | | Water Solubility | 9 g/L (20 ºC) | | BRN | 1730801 | | Henry's Law Constant | (x 10-3 atm?m3/mol):
1.44 at 25 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) | | Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 200 ppm (1,050 mg/m3), IDLH 2,000 ppm; OSHA PEL:
TWA 200 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 200 ppm (adopted) | | Stability: | Stable, but may discolour in light. Incompatible with aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium, strong oxidizing agents. | | LogP | 1.410 | | CAS DataBase Reference | 74-97-5(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Methane, bromochloro-(74-97-5) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Halon 1011 (74-97-5) |
| Hazard Codes | Xi,N,Xn,T,F | | Risk Statements | 37/38-41-59-36/37/38-20-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-36/38 | | Safety Statements | 26-39-59-37/39-45-36/37-16-7 | | RIDADR | UN 1887 6.1/PG 3 | | WGK Germany | 2 | | RTECS | PA5250000 | | Hazard Note | Irritant | | HazardClass | 6.1(b) | | PackingGroup | III | | HS Code | 29034980 | | Hazardous Substances Data | 74-97-5(Hazardous Substances Data) | | Toxicity | LC50 (inhalation) for mice 15,850 mg/m3/8-h, rats 28,800 ppm/15-min (quoted, RTECS, 1985).
Acute oral LD50 for rats 5,000 mg/kg, mice 4,300 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). | | IDLA | 2,000 ppm |
| | Bromochloromethane Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | white to light yellow crystal powder | | Chemical Properties | Chlorobromomethane is a clear, colorless, to
pale-yellow liquid with a chloroform-like odor | | Physical properties | Clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor | | Uses | Fire fighting agent | | Uses | Bromochloromethane is used primarily as an extinguishing agent due to its oxygen-depleting properties. | | Definition | ChEBI: A one-carbon compound substituted by a chloro and a bromo group. | | General Description | A clear colorless liquid with a sweet chloroform-like odor. Denser than water (density 1.991 g / cm3) and insoluble in water. Hence sinks in water. Boiling point 68°C. Vapors may cause illness if inhaled. Nonflammable. When exposed to high temperatures may emit toxic fumes. Used as a fire extinguishing agent. | | Air & Water Reactions | Insoluble in water. | | Reactivity Profile | Bromochloromethane is sensitive to light (may discolor). Incompatible with strong bases and strong oxidizing agents. Also incompatible with active metals, calcium, aluminum, magnesium, zinc and their alloys. Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. . | | Hazard | By inhalation.
| | Health Hazard | Toxic by ingestion. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Exposure in an enclosed area may be very harmful. Contact may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. | | Fire Hazard | Some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. Most vapors are heavier than air. Air/vapor mixtures may explode when ignited. Container may explode in heat of fire. | | Safety Profile | Mildly toxic by
ingestion and inhalation. Mutation data
reported. This material has a narcotic action
of moderate intensity, although of
prolonged duration. Animals exposed for
several weeks to 1000 pprn had blood
bromide levels as high as 350 mgl100 g.
Therefore, until further data are available, it
should be considered at least as toxic as carbon tetrachloride and more than minimal
exposure to its vapors should be avoided.
Dangerous; when heated to decomposition
it emits highly toxic fumes of Brand Cl-.
See also BROMIDES and
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS,
ALIPHATIC. | | Potential Exposure | This compound is used in brominated
flame retardants; a fire-extinguishing agent; and in organic
synthesis | | Carcinogenicity | The U.S. EPA classification is D
(not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity). Bromochloromethane
is structurally similar to dichloromethane (methylene
chloride), which is classified B2 (probable human
carcinogen). The classification is based on the lack of data
regarding the carcinogenicity of bromochloromethane in
humans or animals; however, there are data indicative of
genotoxic effects and structural relationships to halogenated
methanes classified as B2 (probable human carcinogens). | | Source | No MCLGs or MCLs have been proposed, however, a DWEL of 0.5
mg/L was recommended (U.S. EPA, 2000).
Naturally formed by algal biological processes (Orkin et al., 1997) and is a disinfection
byproduct in public water treatment systems. | | Environmental fate | Biological. When bromochloromethane (5 and 10 mg/L) was statically incubated in the dark at
25 °C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum for 7 d, 100% biodegradation
with rapid adaptation was observed (Tabak et al., 1981).
Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of bromochloromethane
and OH radicals as measured by both flash photolysis resonance fluorescence and discharge flow
electron paramagnetic resonance techniques (x 10-13 cm3/molecule?sec): 0.91 at 4 °C, 1.11–1.13 at
25 °C, 1.32–1.34 at 40 °C, 1.55–1.58 at 57 °C, 1.76–1.90 at 76 °C, 2.10–2.26 at 97 °C (Orkin et
al., 1997).
Chemical/Physical. Although no products were identified, the estimated hydrolysis half-life in
water at 25 °C and pH 7 is 44 yr (Mabey and Mill, 1978). Bromochloromethane reacts with
bisulfide ion (HS-), produced by microbial reduction of sulfate, forming 1,3,5-trithiane and
dithiomethane. Estimated reaction rate constants at 25 and 35 °C were 7.29 x 10-5 and 2.42 x 10-
4/M?sec, respectively (Roberts et al., 1992). | | Shipping | UN1887 Bromochloromethane, Hazard Class:
6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. | | Incompatibilities | Incompatible with strong oxidizers (possible explosion), reducing agents, bases, carbonates, furyl alcohol, chemically active metals, such as calcium; base metals
in the presence of moisture, powdered aluminum; zinc, magnesium. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. | | Waste Disposal | Incinerate together with flammable solvent in furnace equipped with afterburner and
alkali scrubber. |
| | Bromochloromethane Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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