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| | beta-Pinene Basic information |
| | beta-Pinene Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | -61°C | | Boiling point | 167°C | | density | 0.859 | | refractive index | 1.4782 | | FEMA | 2903 | BETA-PINENE | | Fp | 43°C | | Odor | at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. dry woody resinous pine hay green eucalyptus camphoreous | | Odor Type | herbal | | Water Solubility | 12mg/L(25 ºC) | | JECFA Number | 1330 | | Merck | 7446 | | Stability: | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | | LogP | 4.37 | | CAS DataBase Reference | 127-91-3(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Beta-pinene(127-91-3) | | EPA Substance Registry System | .beta.-Pinene (127-91-3) |
| | beta-Pinene Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Beta-pinene is a component of turpentine. Concentrations
vary depending on the source and seem to be
high er in European (Portuguese) than in Asian (Indonesian)
turpentines. | | Chemical Properties | β-Pinene has a characteristic turpentine odor with a dry, woody or resinous aroma. | | Chemical Properties | β-Pinene occurs
in many essential oils. Optically active and racemic β-pinenes are present
in turpentine oils, although in smaller quantities than αα-pinene. (+)-β-Pinene,
(1R,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptane,; (?)-β-Pinene, (1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptane,.
β-Pinene is similar to α-pinene in its reactions. Pyrolytic cleavage to myrcene,
the startingmaterial for acyclic terpenes, is used on an industrial scale.Addition of
formaldehyde results in the formation of nopol; nopyl acetate is used as a fragrance
material. β-Pinene is produced in large quantities by distillation of turpentine oils.
It is used as a fragrance material in household perfumery.However,most β-pinene
is used in the production of myrcene. | | Chemical Properties | liquid | | Occurrence | Usually occurring together with α-pinene but in smaller amounts; the d- and l-forms are reported found in the
essential oils of various Artemisae and several Cupressaceae, in coriander and cumin; the l-form is a constituent of several citrus
oils. β-Pinene is reported found in over 190 natural products including apple, apricot, many citrus juices and peel oils, bilberry, cranberry,
lingonberry, blackberry, currants, guava, raspberry, strawberry, basil, carrot, celery, cooked potato, bell pepper, tomato, anise
seed oil, cinnamon, cassia leaf, clove, cumin, ginger, Mentha oils, nutmeg, mace, pepper, parsley, thyme, Swiss and cheddar cheese,
cream, fatty fish, fried chicken, beef fat, hop oil, rum, bourbon whiskey, tea, roasted filberts, pecans, oats, soybean, plum, mushroom,
sweet and wild marjoram, starfruit, mango, tamarind, cardamom, coriander, gin, rice, litchi, calamus, dill, lovage, caraway seed,
buckwheat, laurel, fennel, kiwifruit, myrtle leaf and berry, rosemary, buchu oil, Bourbon vanilla, Spanish and clary sage, nectarine,
crayfish, clam, cape gooseberry, anise hyssop, angelica root oil, Roman and German chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, bullock’s heart
and mastic gum leaf and fruit oil. | | Preparation | Isolated from American turpentine; also by conversion from α-pinene; as an intermediate extremely important for the
manufacture of citral, citronellol, hydroxycitronellal, geraniol, citronellal, linalool, ionones, methylionones and menthol. | | Definition | ChEBI: An isomer of pinene with an exocyclic double bond. It is a component of essential oils from many plants. | | Aroma threshold values | Detection: 140 ppb. Aroma characteristics at 10%: cooling, woody, piney and turpentine-like with a fresh
minty, eucalyptus and camphoraceous note with a spicy peppery and nutmeg nuance. | | Taste threshold values | Taste characteristics at 15 to 100 ppm: fresh, piney and woody, terpy and resinous with a slight minty, spicy
and camphoraceous nuance. | | Contact allergens | Beta-pinene is a component of turpentine. Concentrations
vary with the source and seem higher in
European (Portuguese) than in Asian (Indonesian)
turpentine. | | Safety Profile | Mddly toxic by ingestion. A skin irritant. Flammable liquid. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. |
| | beta-Pinene Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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