| Description | Beryllium fluoride has the formula, BeF2, and is
a hygroscopic, amorphous solid with a melting point
of 800°C. It is soluble in water and is used in beryllium
metallurgy in which the metal, Be, is employed as an
alloy. Solid crystalline BeF2 has a silica-like structure with
beryllium in a four-coordinate position. |
| Chemical Properties | Beryllium fluoride is readily soluble in water, dissolving in its own water of hydration as BeF2·2H2O. The compound cannot be crystallized from solution and is prepared by thermal decomposition of ammonium fluoberyllate, (NH4)2BeF4. |
| Physical properties | Glassy solid; tetragonal crystal system; hygroscopic; density 2.1 g/cm3; melts BERYLLIUM FLUORIDE 101 at 552°C; vaporizes at 1,169°C; very soluble in water; sparingly soluble in alcohol. |
| Uses | manufacture of Be and Be alloys; manufacture of glass; in nuclear reactors. |
| Uses | Beryllium fluoride is used in biochemistry, particularly protein crystallography, since it binds in some of the same ways as phosphate does in human tissues. ADP and beryllium fluoride together tend to bind to ATP sites and inhibit protein action, making it possible to crystallize proteins in the bound state. Beryllium fluoride forms a basic constituent of the preferred fluoride salt mixture used in liquid-fluoride nuclear reactors. Typically, beryllium fluoride is mixed with LiF to form a base solvent, into which fluorides of uranium and thorium are introduced. Beryllium fluoride is exceptionally chemically stable and LiF/BeF2 mixtures have low melting points and the best neutronic properties of any of the fluoride salt combinations appropriate for reactor use. |
| Uses | Beryllium fluoride (BeF2) is an example of beryllium that has an oxidation state of +2,
combining with a negative anion element with an oxidation state of –1. Beryllium fluoride is
also used along with magnesium metal in the chemical reduction process to produce beryllium
metal. |
| Preparation | Beryllium fluoride is made by thermal decomposition of ammonium beryllium fluoride at 900 to 950°C. |
| Definition | ChEBI: The fluoride salt of beryllium (+2 oxidation state). In the solid state it exists as a glass, with four-coordinate Be2+ tetrahedral centres and two-coordinate fluoride centres. As a gas it adopts a linear triatomic structure and in the
liquid state a fluctuating tetrahedral structure. In protein crystallography it is used as a mimic of phosphate. |
| General Description | Odorless white solid. Denser than water. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Water soluble. |
| Reactivity Profile | Beryllium fluoride is incompatible with the following: Acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, magnesium, molten lithium . |
| Hazard | A known carcinogen. Toxic by inhalation and ingestion. |
| Health Hazard | Any dramatic weight loss should be considered as possible first indication of beryllium disease. Inhalation causes irritation of nose, throat, and lungs, severe pneumonitis, and/or pulmonary edema. Ingestion causes fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite. Contact with eyes causes severe irritation and burns. Contact with skin causes dermatitis and non-healing ulcers. |
| Fire Hazard | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating vapor of unburned material may form in fire. |
| Safety Profile | Confirmed carcinogen withexperimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data byinhalation. Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous,intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Incompatible with Mg. When heated to decomposition, itemits very toxic fumes of BeO and F |
