| | 3-Pentanone Basic information |
| | 3-Pentanone Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | -42 °C (lit.) | | Boiling point | 101.5 °C (lit.) | | density | 0.813 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | | vapor density | 3 (vs air) | | vapor pressure | 20 mm Hg ( 28 °C) | | refractive index | n20/D 1.392(lit.) | | Fp | 55 °F | | storage temp. | Store below +30°C. | | solubility | water: slightly soluble | | form | Liquid | | color | Clear colorless | | Relative polarity | 0.265 | | Odor | at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. ethereal acetone | | PH | 6.2 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) | | Odor Type | ethereal | | explosive limit | 1.6-7.7%(V) | | Water Solubility | 50 g/L (20 ºC) | | Merck | 14,3121 | | BRN | 635749 | | Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 705 mg/m3 (200 ppm) (ACGIH). | | Stability: | Stable. Highly flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Incompatible with strong bases, reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents. | | InChIKey | FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N | | LogP | 0.85 at 25℃ | | CAS DataBase Reference | 96-22-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | 3-Pentanone(96-22-0) | | EPA Substance Registry System | 3-Pentanone (96-22-0) |
| Hazard Codes | F,Xi | | Risk Statements | 11-37-66-67 | | Safety Statements | 9-16-25-33 | | RIDADR | UN 1156 3/PG 2 | | WGK Germany | 1 | | RTECS | SA8050000 | | Autoignition Temperature | 845 °F | | TSCA | Yes | | HS Code | 2914 19 90 | | HazardClass | 3 | | PackingGroup | II | | Hazardous Substances Data | 96-22-0(Hazardous Substances Data) | | Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 2.1 g/kg, Smyth et al., Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 10, 61 (1954) |
| | 3-Pentanone Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | 3-Pentanone (also known as diethyl ketone) is a member of the class of compounds known as ketones. It is a colorless liquid ketone with an odor like that of acetone. It is soluble in about 25 parts water, but miscible with organic solvents.3-pentanone is an acetone and ethereal tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry guava, ceylon cinnamon, beech nut, and pak choy, which makes 3-pentanone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. | | Uses | Diethyl ketone is used as a solvent, inmedicine, and in organic synthesis. | | Uses | 3-Pentanone is mainly used as a solvent in paint and a precursor to vitamin E. It is used as a reagent to synthesize ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-diethylacrylate by Knoevenagel condensation. It also shows anticonvulsant effect in several types of mouse seizure models. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. | | Uses | 3-Pentanone may be used to evaluate excess molar volumes of its binary mixtures with 1-chloroalkanes at 298.15K and atmospheric pressure. | | Definition | ChEBI: A pentanone that is pentane carrying an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma infestans. | | General Description | A clear colorless liquid with an acetone-like odor. Flash point 55°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. | | Air & Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water | | Reactivity Profile | 3-Pentanone is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, alkalis, mineral acids, (hydrogen peroxide + nitric acid) . | | Health Hazard | Liquid causes eye burn. Vapor irritates eyes, nose and throat; can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, and loss of consciousness. | | Health Hazard | Diethyl ketone is a mild narcotic compoundas well as an irritant. Its acute toxicity is lessthan that of methyl propyl ketone. Exposureto 80,000 ppm for 4 hours was fatal to rats.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 2140 mg/kg. | | Fire Hazard | HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. | | Flammability and Explosibility | Highlyflammable | | Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by
routes. A skin and eye irritant. Mutation data
reported. Dangerous fre hazard when
exposed to heat or flame; can react
vigorously with oxidzing materials. To fight
fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Reacts with hydrogen peroxide +
nitric acid to form a shockand heat sensitive explosive peroxide. When heated
to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also KETONES. | | Synthesis | Ketonic decarboxylation route
3-Pentanone is produced by ketonic decarboxylation of propanoic acid using metal oxide catalysts:
2 CH3CH2CO2H → (CH3CH2)2CO + CO2 + H2O
in the laboratory, the reaction can be conducted in a tube furnace.
Other way to make 3-pentanone: Acetone + very strong base and then + methylating agent -> butanone. Butanone + very strong base, then + methylating agent -> mixture of 3-methylbutanone and 3-pentanone.
Synthesis of 3-pentanone from 1-propanol over CeO2–Fe2O3 catalysts
Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry | | Purification Methods | Dry it with anhydrous CaSO4 or CuSO4, and distil from P2O5 under N2 or under reduced pressure. Further purification is by conversion to the semicarbazone (recrystallise to constant m 139o, from EtOH) which, after drying in vacuo over CaCl2 and paraffin wax, is refluxed for 30minutes with excess oxalic acid, then steam distilled and salted out with K2CO3. Dry with Na2SO4 and distil [Cowan et al. J Chem Soc 171 1940]. [Beilstein 1 IV 3279.] | | Waste Disposal | Incineration; molten salt treatment. |
| | 3-Pentanone Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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