| Chemical Properties | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Uses | For the labeling of amino acids and their detection in picomolar amounts1; Coenzymes and Cofactors, vol. 1: Vitamin B6, Pyridoxal Phosphate2 |
| Uses |
Pyridoxal hydrochloride is one of the three natural forms of vitamin B6, along with pyridoxamine and pyridoxine. All of these forms are converted in the human body into a single biologically active form, Pyridoxal
5-phosphate (P991715). Green plants are a natural source of Pyridoxal, and its deficiency in the human body can lead to serious complications such as epilepsy and seizures.
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| Uses | Pyridoxal hydrochloride is used in labeling of amino acids for their detection. It finds application in neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid. It is also used as a nutritional agent. It is also applied in research studies like biochemical, drugs and in media supplements. |
| Definition |
ChEBI: Pyridoxal hydrochloride is a hydrochloride obtained by combining pyridoxal with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a cofactor, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a hydrochloride, a pyridinium salt and a vitamin B6. It contains a pyridoxal(1+).
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| General Description | Pyridoxal is a heterocyclic compound, weighing 167.2 Da. It is one of the natural forms of vitamin B6. Pyridoxal is found to be less stable than pyridoxine, hence heating might result in the loss of its action. Pyridoxal has a wide variety of sources and is present in both plants and animals. Pyridoxal serves as an efficient precursor for coenzymes : pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate. |
| Biological Activity | Pyridoxal hydrochloride，the 4-carboxyaldehyde form of vitamin b6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Vitamin B6 plays a key role in metabolism of both carbohydrates and amino acids. It is implicated in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like dopamine from L-DOPA, serotonin from 5-HTP, and γaminobutyric acid (GABA) from glutamate. Vitamin B6 plays a major role in maintenance of a healthy nervous system. |
| Safety Profile | Poison by
intramuscular, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by
ingestion and subcutaneous routes. When
heated to decomposition it emits very toxic
fumes of NOx and HCl. See also
ALDEHYDES. |
| Purification Methods | Dissolve it in water and adjust the pH to 6 with NaOH. Set aside overnight to crystallise. The crystals are washed with cold water, dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5 and stored in a brown bottle at room temperature. The free base is then converted to the hydrochloride with one equivalent of HCl. [Fleck & Alberty J Phys Chem 66 1678 1962, Beilstein 21/13 V 44.] |
