| Description | Diethylenetriamine is a hardener in epoxy resins of the
Bisphenol A type. It has been reported as a sensitizer in
ultrasonic baths for cleaning jewels, in synthetic
lubricants and in carbonless copy paper.
|
| Chemical Properties | Diethylenetriamine is a corrosive liquid and a solvent
(18, 139). |
| Chemical Properties | colourless liquid |
| Uses | Diethylenetriamine is manufactured by reacting ethylene
dichloride and ammonia. It is used as a solvent, in organic
syntheses, and in a variety of industrial applications including
use as a fuel component. |
| Uses | Diethylenetriamine is a solvent for sulfur, acidic gas, resin and dye intermediates for organic synthesis; saponification agent for acidic materials; fuel component; hardener for epoxy resins. |
| Uses | Hardener and stabilizer for epoxy
resins; solvent for dyes, acid gases, and sulfur |
| Production Methods | Diethylenetriamine is produced by the reaction of ethylene dichloride with ammonia. Diethylenetriamine is used in biological studies, for polyamines inhibition to carbonic anhydrases by anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule. |
| Definition | ChEBI: Diethylenetriamine is a triamine and a polyazaalkane. |
| Synthesis Reference(s) | Journal of the American Chemical Society, 105, p. 5002, 1983 DOI: 10.1021/ja00353a025 |
| General Description | A yellow liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Less dense than water. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Vapors heavier than air. Burns, although possibly difficult to igntie. Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion. Used as a solvent for plastics and dyes and in chemical synthesis. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Soluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile | Diethylenetriamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. |
| Health Hazard | Prolonged breathing of vapors may cause asthma. Liquid burns skin and eyes. A skin rash can form. |
| Health Hazard | Brief contact with concentrated diethylenetriamine can produce severe local injury
to the eyes and skin resembling the effect from strong base. Human subjects are
susceptible to sensitization responses either as dermatitis or an asthma-like response.
A time-weighted average of 1 p.p.m. is recommenced for diethylenetriamine
(ACGIH 1986). |
| Fire Hazard | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors are generated when heated. |
| Flammability and Explosibility | Nonflammable |
| Chemical Reactivity | Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No hazardous reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent. |
| Industrial uses | Diethylenetriamine is used as an intermediate in the production of reactive
polyamide resins, and in the production of aminoamides and imidazolines from
fatty acids. It is also used in the production of paper wet strength resins and
piperazine. Diethylenetriamine serves as a solvent for sulfur, acid gases, resins and
dyes (HSDB 1989). |
| Contact allergens | Diethylenetriamine is a hardener in epoxy resins of the
Bisphenol A type. It has been reported to be a sensitizer
when used in an ultrasonic bath for cleaning jewels, in
synthetic lubricants, or in carbonless copy paper. |
| Safety Profile | Poison by skin contact
and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic
by ingestion. Corrosive. A severe skin and
eye irritant. High concentration of vapors
causes irritation of respiratory tract, nausea,
and vomiting. Repeated exposures can cause
asthma and sensitization of skin. Combus
uble when exposed to heat or flame; can
react with oxidizing materials. Mxture with nitromethane is a shock-sensitive explosive.
Ignites on contact with cellulose nitrate of
high surface area. To fight fire, use alcohol
foam. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also
AMINES. |
| Carcinogenicity | DETA has a strong ammonia-like odor,
but it does not provide adequate warning of
hazardous concentrations.
The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit valuetime-
weighted average (TLV-TWA) for diethylene
triamine is 1ppm (4.2mg/m3) with a
notation for skin absorption. |
| Metabolism | Diethylenetriamine is readily absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and 96%
of the administered dose is excreted within 48 h (USEPA 1983a). Roughly equal
amounts are excreted in the feces and urine with at least 4 metabolites being
detected (but not identified) in the latter. Only a small proportion (<2%) was
recovered as expired carbon dioxide. Any residual remaining in the animal was
found primarily in kidney, liver, bladder and large intestine. |
| Purification Methods | Dry the amine with Na and distil, preferably under reduced pressure, or in a stream of N2. [Beilstein 4 IV 1284.] |
