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| | Phenibut Basic information |
| Product Name: | Phenibut | | Synonyms: | 4-AMINO-3-PHENYLBUTANOIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE;4-AMINO-3-PHENYLBUTIRIC ACID;-Amino-3-phenylbutyric acid hydrochloride;NA###4-Amino-3-phenylbutyric acid hydrochloride;PHENIBUTCAS NO.: 1078-21-3 Phenibut CAS NO.1078-21-3;Nootropics Powder Nutrition Supplement Phenibut for Fatigue Reduce CAS 1078-21-3;TIMTEC-BB SBB001567;PHENIBUT | | CAS: | 1078-21-3 | | MF: | C10H13NO2 | | MW: | 179.22 | | EINECS: | 214-079-6 | | Product Categories: | Amino Acid;Inhibitors;Organic acids;Nutritions & Sterides;API | | Mol File: | 1078-21-3.mol |  |
| | Phenibut Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 252.5°C (rough estimate) | | Boiling point | 311.75°C (rough estimate) | | density | 1.1248 (rough estimate) | | refractive index | 1.5710 (estimate) | | solubility | Free base: 35 mg/mL in DMSO (195.29 mM) at 25 °C (SellekChem, 2019).Hydrochloride salt (Cayman, 2016): 25 mg/ml in DMF; 20 mg/ml in DMSO; 14 mg/ml in ethanol; 10 mg/mL in PBS (pH 7.2). | | pka | 4.10±0.10(Predicted) | | form | solid | | color | White | | InChI | InChI=1S/C10H13NO2/c11-7-9(6-10(12)13)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5,9H,6-7,11H2,(H,12,13) | | InChIKey | DAFOCGYVTAOKAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N | | SMILES | C(O)(=O)CC(C1=CC=CC=C1)CN | | CAS DataBase Reference | 1078-21-3(CAS DataBase Reference) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Benzenepropanoic acid, .beta.-(aminomethyl)- (1078-21-3) |
| Hazard Codes | Xi | | HazardClass | IRRITANT | | HS Code | 2922498590 | | Toxicity | TDLo orl-hmn: 5 mg/kg:CNS BEXBAN 57,52,64 |
| | Phenibut Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Phenibut, also known as fenibut, phenigamma, and beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid, is a derivative of the neurotransmitter GABA. It was developed in Russia,and there it has been used clinically since the 1960s to treat anxiety and related conditions，including insomnia(Lapin，2001). Phenibut has anxiolytic properties and is commonlycompared to benzodiazepines and baclofen.Structurally，phenibut issimilar to GABA, with the addition of the phenyl ring. This allows thecompound to more easily cross the blood-brain barrier, but also changesits activity profile (Shulgina,1986). Scientific studies demonstrate that phenibut can be safely used to treat anxiety, depression,epilepsy, speech disorders, and insomnia. | | Uses | 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid (cas# 1078-21-3) is a GABAA receptor agonist, used for treatment of disorders influenced by dysfunction of pancreatic β cells and also used in combination with other agents. | | Preparation | Phenibut was synthesized by Perekalin and his associates at the Department of Organic Chemistry of the Herzen Pedagogic Institute in St. Petersburg, the Russian Federation. In initial publications phenibut was known as phenigamma (Lapin, 2001, V. V. Perekalin, 1954).
Fenibut synthesis: from benzoyl chloride and ethyl acetoacetate as raw materials, through condensation and hydrolysis of ethyl benzoyl acetate, and then condensation of benzaldehyde and nitromethane to generate trans-nitrostyrene, and then the two are combined. Micheal addition, the adduct is then catalytically hydrogenated with Raney nickel, and finally hydrolyzed in concentrated hydrochloric acid to produce phenibate.
Synthesis of Phenibut (16) and Baclofen (17). | | Application | Phenibut is an anxiolytic and nootropic drug, discovered in the Soviet Union used to treat several psychiatric disorders. It can be used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, asthenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, stuttering, and vestibular disorders. | | Definition | ChEBI: Phenibut is an organonitrogen compound and an organooxygen compound. It is functionally related to a gamma-amino acid. | | Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Human systemic effects by ingestion: somnolence, hallucinations, distorted perception. Used as a mood elevator and tranquilizer. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. | | Regulatory Status | USA - Phenibut is still an uncontrolled substance in the United States, and it is legal to sell and possess phenibut. It has not been approved for clinical use in the United States.
Europe - Unscheduled. It is not regulated by the European Medicines Agency. However, some nootropic substances such as piracetam are available only on prescription in some European Union countries and are freely available in others.
Russia - Phenibut is a licensed prescription medication used for a variety of conditions including anxiety, insomnia, post-traumatic stress disorders, depression, stuttering, tics, attention deficit disorders, and vestibular disorders. Russian cosmonauts were reported to have been supplied with the substance to help relieve tension, anxiety and fear (Buckley 2006). |
| | Phenibut Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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