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| | BROMODICHLOROMETHANE Basic information |
| | BROMODICHLOROMETHANE Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | −55 °C(lit.) | | Boiling point | 87 °C(lit.) | | density | 1.98 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) | | vapor pressure | 50 at 20 °C (Dreisbach, 1952) | | refractive index | n20/D 1.497(lit.) | | Fp | 87-89°C | | storage temp. | 2-8°C | | solubility | water: insoluble | | form | neat | | color | Clear, colorless liquid | | Water Solubility | 3.032g/L(30 ºC) | | Merck | 14,1417 | | BRN | 1697005 | | Henry's Law Constant | In seawater (salinity 30.4‰): 5.52, 10.51, and 18.97 at 0, 10, and 20 °C, respectively (Moore et
al., 1995) | | Stability: | Light Sensitive, Volatile | | CAS DataBase Reference | 75-27-4(CAS DataBase Reference) | | IARC | 2B (Vol. 52, 71) 1999 | | EPA Substance Registry System | Dichlorobromomethane (75-27-4) |
| | BROMODICHLOROMETHANE Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | clear colorless to yellowish liquid | | Chemical Properties | Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) is a colorless, heavy, non-burnable/non-flammable liquid. It was formerly used as a flame retardant, a solvent for fats and waxes and because
of its high density for mineral separation. Now, it is only used as a reagent or intermediate in organic chemistry. Small amounts of BDCM are also made in chemical plants for
use in laboratories or in making other chemicals. On contact with hot surfaces or flames,
BDMC decomposes forming toxic and corrosive gases, including hydrogen bromide and
hydrogen chloride and reacts with strong bases, strong oxidants, and magnesium. BDMC
is found in chlorinated drinking water as a consequence of the reaction between chlorine,
added during water treatme | | Uses | As a chemical intermediate for organic
synthesis and as a laboratory reagent; formerly
used as a solvent and flame retardant.
Currently, the major source of bromodichloromethane
in the environment is from its formation as a by-product during chlorination
of water. | | Uses | A volatile halogenated methane present in trace amounts in drinking water as a result of the water treatment process. It is also present in swimming pools due to chlorination and can be used as tracers to identify water leaks. It is useful as chain transfer agents in PVC polymerization. | | Uses | Chemical reagent, intermediate in organic synthesis. | | Definition | ChEBI: A one-carbon compound that is methane substituted by a bromo and two chloro groups. It occurs as a contaminant in drinking water. | | Synthesis Reference(s) | Tetrahedron Letters, 28, p. 2769, 1987 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96205-1 | | General Description | Clear colorless liquid. | | Air & Water Reactions | Slightly water soluble. | | Reactivity Profile | BROMODICHLOROMETHANE may react with strong bases and magnesium. Incompatible with oxidizing materials . | | Health Hazard | SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to BROMODICHLOROMETHANE may include irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. It may also cause narcosis. Other symptoms may include nausea, dizziness and headache. It may also cause liver and kidney damage. Central nervous system effects may also occur. | | Health Hazard | On ingestion, BDMC causes damage to the kidneys, liver, and impaired functio | | Fire Hazard | Literature sources indicate that BROMODICHLOROMETHANE is nonflammable. | | Biochem/physiol Actions | Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) induces steatohepatitic injury in human liver. BDCM induces the cell proliferation in different tissues and kidney damage by renal tuble cell proliferation in male F344 rats. | | Safety Profile | Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic data.
Moderately toxic by ingestion. Human
mutation data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
Brand Cl-. See also CHLORINATED
HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; and
BROMIDES. | | Carcinogenicity | Bromodichloromethane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals. | | Source | MCLG: zero; MCL: 0.08 mg/L. Total for all trihalomethanes
cannot exceed a concentration of 0.08 mg/L. In addition, a DWEL of 700 μg/L was recommended
(U.S. EPA, 2000).
By-product in chlorination of drinking water and use of fire extinguishers (quoted,
Verschueren, 1983). | | Environmental fate | Biological. Bromodichloromethane showed significant degradation with gradual adaptation in a
static-culture flask-screening test (settled domestic wastewater inoculum) conducted at 25 °C. At
concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, percent losses after 4 wk of incubation were 59 and 51,
respectively. At a substrate concentration of 5 mg/L, 8% was lost due to volatilization after 10 d
(Tabak et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. The estimated hydrolysis half-life in water at 25 °C and pH 7 is 137 yr
(Mabey and Mill, 1978). Reported products of hydrolysis include carbon monoxide, hydrochloric
and hydrobromic acids (Ellington et al., 1993; Kollig, 1993).
At influent concentrations of 1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mg/L, the GAC adsorption capacities at
pH 5.3 were 7.9, 1.9, 0.47, and 0.12 mg/g, respectively (Dobbs and Cohen, 1980). |
| | BROMODICHLOROMETHANE Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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